MIGRATION AND CULTURAL TRANSMISSION PATTERNS: FACTOR IN THE PROCESSES OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES

Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia, 19 Mira str. 620002
Russian Federation

Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia, 19 Mira str. 620002
Russian Federation


Abstract

The demographic transition in Central Asian is contradictory and complicated because of the problems formed by the post-Soviet collapse of economic and social infrastructure, the transformation of power and cultural processes associated with the Islamic renaissance and agrarian overpopulation. These factors have a serious impact on the economic growth of the Central Asian countries, concentrating the main economic indicators around labor emigration. Since Russia is the main partner-acceptor of migrant workers from the above-mentioned countries, its culture has a significant impact on visitors from Central Asian countries. Russia is a country with a predominantly urban population and a high spread of secular values, whose cultural characteristics can influence the transformation of collective perceptions of migrants, which in turn can have a significant impact on the demographic and social behavior of returning citizens of Central Asian countries. The article presents the results of a surveys, that were conducted among non-ethnic migrants in 2017 (N=231) and in 2019 (N=222), and data on their interviewing in 2017 (N=16) were collected. As a result, signs of assimilation of urban identity were identified, as well as the integration of cultural elements defining values that can contribute to the processes of demographic transition among residents of Central Asian countries upon returning to their homeland. The concept of cultural identity, defined as a multicomponent hierarchical complex of group affiliations in the system of common social identity, is used as a central research category that allows for a more detailed examination of ongoing social changes.

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